Prepare a message on one of the following topics: -How yarn was made at home -How fabric was made at home

Open your closet, what do you see? Dresses, skirts, shirts, underwear... Do you think all fabrics are made from familiar objects? You will be surprised, but the material can be made from very unusual things. Cotton, viscose, silk and even polyester are no longer the best options in the modern world.

Our scientists have learned to use completely, seemingly unusual objects as fabric. Whether to wear such clothes or not is another question.

Let-us-dream.ru knows what fabric can be made from.

Answer or solution 2

How to make fabric at home.
MANUFACTURING OF FABRICS. It was carried out on a vertical weaving loom (loom). In addition to this, various devices were required: planks and reeds - combs with fine teeth. In Rus', several methods of weaving threads were used, which can be combined into three groups: complex weave, twill and plain. Based on the quality of the fabrics, they were divided into thin, medium and hard. After the fabric was ready, various clothes were sewn from it, and this is an equally complex and time-consuming process. Therefore, in the past it was changed less often and was valued more than it is now. The flax fabric we talked about was used to make shirts, underwear and towels. Outerwear was made from woolen fabrics - various types of cloth. It was usually painted black, blue, green, yellow, red and white.

Clothing has always played an important role in the culture of the people of all countries of the world. One type of natural ancient fabric for clothing is linen fabric. The flax was collected, dried and laid out on the grass. After a few weeks, the fibers separated from the stem. They were combed and divided into strips (rovings). After this, the rovings were twisted in a spiral by hand or with a spindle on a spinning wheel and formed into yarn. Animal wool (sheep, foxes, rabbits and others) was used to make woolen clothing.

Man mastered the process of making fabrics many centuries ago and has been constantly improving this technique since then. However, returning to the roots makes you want to try to master making fabric yourself at home.

Sea slimy eel - hagfish

This is a miracle of the sea: neither a fish nor a snake.

Hagfish has adapted itself to survive in the depths of the sea in a very original way. It produces mucus that allows it to evade capture by predators. This slime will soon help humanity.

Researchers from Guelph (Canada) have isolated threads from fish mucus that are tens of times stronger than nylon. Would you like a shirt like this?

Nettle fabric

Nettle yarn is made by separating plant fibers from the hard part of the stem. In order to make this process as easy as possible, nettle stems should be collected in early spring after the snow has melted. Overwintered nettle has a brown-brown color and there are practically no leaves on the stems. The collected stems, cleared of debris, must be dried on a stove or near a radiator. This process will take about two weeks, after which you can proceed to making yarn.

• Using a beater (a wooden device with a fixed lever for beating), the nettle stems need to be thoroughly kneaded;
• To remove the woody parts of the stem from crushed nettles, they need to be frayed. To do this, the stems are beaten with a wooden beater. During the scutching process, the smallest particles of stems are easily removed;
• Using special tongs from birch planks, you need to scrub - remove solid particles between the upper fibers;
• After cleaning the fibers, they begin carding - separating the fibers depending on their length. The longest fibers - tow - are used to make yarn;
• To obtain yarn you will need a spinning wheel; modern models with a foot drive are very convenient;
• The resulting yarn is woven into fabric using a home loom. The simplest weaving is alternating weft and warp threads, the fabric is dense and monochromatic.

Special impregnations

They are produced either in the form of aerosols or in the form of rinses.

• It is better to treat equipment and shoes with aerosols. The spray is not easy to distribute evenly and there is a risk of leaving a stain. Such products often have an unpleasant odor; it is better to leave the treated item to dry in a well-ventilated area.
• Rinse liquids are much more convenient. After washing the product, the product is poured into the compartment of the washing machine intended for rinse aid, and another cycle is started.

Before washing, be sure to remove any remaining cleaning products from the washing machine - powders clog the pores of the membrane; special shampoos are used for it. And yet, you will have to come to terms with the fact that membrane products cannot be pressed at high speeds. Water will drip from the washed item for some time.

After treatment, the item will stop absorbing water, dirt and dust for a couple of months. As soon as you feel that it has become heavier, dirty, and starting to get wet - that’s it, it’s time to renew the impregnation.

Linen fabric

If you want to make your own fabric from flax, the process is largely similar to that described above:

• The collected flax stems must be soaked and thoroughly dried;
• Next, the material needs to be kneaded and frayed. Thus, fiber separation occurs. A special composition is sold for separating hard, medium-hard and soft raw materials for bleaching;
• With the help of a spinning wheel, yarn is obtained from the stems; individual fibers are combined into a thread, from which fabric will then be obtained;
• The yarn is then turned into fabric on a loom.

Patchwork technique

What's the first thing that comes to mind when it comes to using scraps? Of course, patchwork, also known as patchwork.

This technique is truly the most popular way to dispose of fabric scraps around the world. Moreover, contrary to popular belief, the ability to sew on a machine is not at all necessary for patchwork - with the help of hand sewing you can also create a masterpiece. The only thing needed is patience.

Patchwork comes in different types, the main ones being:

• classic: creating patterns from squares and triangles according to certain patterns;
• Japanese: along with patchwork, there is appliqué and stitching;
• crazy (crazy patchwork): one of the simplest techniques. It is suitable for beginning needlewomen because there are no strict rules (pieces of fabric can have the most incredible contours; nearby there are scraps of fabrics that are completely different in texture and properties; fabrics are complemented with ribbons, lace, buttons, etc. - in a word, complete freedom for creativity).

Not only patchwork quilts, familiar to many from childhood, are made using the patchwork technique. It is used for sewing bags, home textiles, clothing and even for creating furniture. Modern products made using this technique have long ceased to be associated with the “rustic” style. Now patchwork is fashionable and stylish.

Wool fabric

The fabric obtained from the wool and down of domestic animals is very warm, has healing properties and is very highly prized. The wool of sheep, goats, camel and even dog hair (fluff) is suitable for work.

• Primary processing includes separating clean wool suitable for work from hard hairs and foreign debris;
• The prepared wool is combed several times, thus forming a tow - the material for producing yarn;
• Yarn is spun from tow. The resulting thread can be twisted in half to obtain greater thickness;
• Woolen fabric is produced from wool threads on a loom. The more thorough preparation the wool undergoes at the initial stage, the higher its quality will be.

Dog toys

You can, of course, buy a dog toy at a pet store, but why spend money on it if you can make it from leftover fabrics. To make a toy for a pet, it is better to use strips of fleece or knitwear (for example, from old T-shirts).

1. Take 3 long strips of fabric.
2. Make cross-shaped cuts in the tennis ball on two opposite sides. Pass fabric strips through them (photo on the left in the collage) and tie knots on both sides. If you still have a ball from your dog's previous toy, you can use it (photo on the right).
3. Weave braids about 20 cm long on each side. Then connect them together and braid one braid from all the strips at once.
4. Finally, tie the fabric tightly and trim off the excess.

From the remnants of the fabric, you can also weave ropes for the dog and tie them at the ends with knots (central photo).

Thread fabric

In order to make fabric from threads, you can go in two ways.

1. Traditionally, long warp threads are placed on the loom and gradually interwoven into the weft fabrics. Depending on the color of the threads, you can get a plain fabric or with patterns, it all depends on your imagination.
2. An easier method that does not require special equipment: yarn is placed in a mosquito net folded in half. It is necessary to steam the mesh with yarn with an iron, and then coat it thoroughly with glue. After the glue has dried, the mesh is removed, the resulting fabric is stitched lengthwise and crosswise on a sewing machine, at intervals of 2 cm, and then washed to remove any remaining glue. The thickness of the fabric depends on the properties of the yarn.

With a little effort you will end up with a great looking fabric.

October 30, 2018

We tell and show how to wax fabric at home.

Waxed cotton is useful in everyday life because it becomes waterproof, and can be used repeatedly; simply wipe with a damp cloth or rinse under running cold water.

That's why housewives use it for food packaging, for example, to make sandwich bags, covers for utensils, or simply to wrap food.

Results

Waterproof clothing is indispensable for a traveler; it is used almost everywhere. Only the materials used differ.

Still, I would not recommend using a homemade method to give water-repellent properties to hiking clothes, because we must be prepared for any natural phenomena and situations while hiking, and it is clothes made of membrane fabrics that will guarantee us comfort and such confidence.

To some, the membrane may seem too difficult to maintain and unreasonably expensive. But as they say, “the end justifies the means” and your comfort, especially on a hike, is priceless. Personally, I use clothes made from membrane materials all the time. Both for short country hikes on a rainy day and for serious mountaineering outings, the membrane is ideally suited as a second layer, and thermal underwear will be the first. If you are an active tourist or athlete, then thermal underwear and clothing made from membrane materials should become your “second skin.”

That's all I have. If the information was useful to you, do not forget to subscribe to blog updates and share with friends on social networks. See you!

Tack

For example, you can make excellent potholders from colored scraps, which will add additional expressiveness to the interior with a bright accent. When making this craft, you can use the patchwork mosaic method.

The following describes how to make a fabric craft that serves as a potholder.

Step-by-step instruction:

• Cut triangular pieces of fabric so that you can fold them into a circle.
• When cutting, seam allowances must be taken into account.
• The flaps are stitched to obtain two round blanks.
• To increase the density of the product, several layers of durable fabric are inserted between the patchwork blanks.
• All layers are stitched around the circumference. The edges are finished using bias binding.
• A loop is made from it, from which the potholder will be suspended.

When choosing a tack material, keep in mind that the product will be exposed to high temperatures. For this reason, only heat-resistant fabric (felt, denim and the like) should be used.

There are also products that are more complex to manufacture, which will require relevant experience and knowledge from the performer. An example is the butterfly potholder. Its pattern can be found on the Internet. Any housewife will be happy with such a gift.

Panels and paintings

Decorating your apartment with unnecessary fabric scraps is another way to put them to good use. For example, make original paintings and panels. The simplest option is to cover corrugated cardboard, foam plastic or other dense base with a piece of fabric of a suitable tone. Several of these panels, arranged in a group, will become the highlight of your interior.

Panels can be made not only from large cuts, but also from small pieces of fabric. It's very easy to make. Glue your favorite scraps in random order onto a thick fabric stretched over a base (lower right photo in the collage) - and the interior decoration is ready. Such a panel would look appropriate in a children's room.

If you are an artist at heart, then try creating paintings from fabric scraps. Textile products of this type are most often created using the appliqué technique: pieces of fabric are sewn to the background by hand or using a sewing machine.

However, a picture from scraps can be made even without the ability to sew (central photo in the upper half of the collage). You will need a large number of scraps of different sizes and colors, PVA glue, a brush and a lot of patience.

The process of creating a picture from pieces of fabric:

Draw the outlines of your future painting onto the base fabric. If you have large fabric scraps, cut them into smaller pieces. Apply glue to part of the base and place a piece of fabric over this area. Smooth everything down with a dry brush. Glue all the pieces in the same way. If the painting is multi-layered, then after applying each layer, give it time to dry. Frame your artwork and hang it where you can see it.

Protective masks

It goes without saying that in this difficult pandemic year we could not ignore the topic of protective masks.

Just a year ago we believed that a mask was a product of white or bluish (greenish) colors. Now it turns out that masks can come in all colors and shades. They are sewn from fabric with polka dots, checkered, striped, floral, plain, colored, etc. To make a mask, you don’t need large cuts - rather modest pieces are enough, so leftover fabrics will come in handy for this work.

Masks sewn using the patchwork technique look very original. To make them, first a blank is made from scraps, and then a mask is cut out and sewn from the finished patchwork fabric.

Another interesting option for masks is masks with appliqué. Children wear them with great pleasure. Even small pieces of fabric are useful for making appliqués. Fabric patches can be combined with embroidery, sequins, beads, etc.

Pig

The pink toy is used to decorate the Christmas tree and interior decoration. Children will love this fabric pig craft.

The figurine is sewn from felt, corduroy or other fabric found in a box of scraps. For the eyes, select two black beads or small buttons.

The tail can be made from wire, wrapped with pink ribbon or corrugated paper. You can use a ready-made pattern, or make it yourself.

Kitchenware

The kitchen is the place where almost anything can be done using fabric scraps, especially if it is a country kitchen. We list the main kitchen items made from scraps:

• potholders;
• tablecloths;
• covers for stools and chairs;
• hot coasters;
• serving napkins;
• aprons;
• organizers for cutlery and kitchen utensils.

And this list can be continued. If you decide to dispose of excess pieces of fabric, then the first thing we advise you to do is go to the kitchen. Your imagination will have room to run wild there.