Jeans are a familiar and familiar item of clothing. They are suitable for walks, parties and for work with a relaxed dress code. Surprisingly, ordinary work pants and overalls have turned into fashionable clothing known throughout the world. The famous blue jeans are far from the only thing that is made from this dense, reliable and versatile fabric.
There are different types of denim fabric. They differ somewhat and are the same in their manufacturing method, dyeing, thread weaving, characteristics and methods of application.
What type of fabric is this?
In its pure form, denim is tough and dense. Now it is produced almost all over the world. The standard weave is twill with a slant from right to left.
Jeans colors
On the front side the fibers are painted. It is the main side of the canvas. The reverse side is represented by unpainted ducks. Coloring can be done either with natural dyes (indigo) using the boiling method, or with the use of artificial additives.
Jeans material
Today, jeans are made from various fabrics. 100% cotton is considered to be in good demand and one of the most common manufacturing options. However, things made from this material turn out to be a little hard to the touch, which is why many companies involved in the production of jeans add viscose and lycra to the material. This combination improves quality by adding elasticity and softness. Thus, the jeans have a pleasant tactile properties and increased wearing comfort.
Origin story
Denim first appeared in the Middle Ages in Europe, in France. Weavers created durable cotton material from which they made ship sails.
In the mid-19th century, entrepreneur Levi Strauss decided to make pants with pockets for various accessories from it. These trousers have become very popular among miners due to their durability and comfort. After this, jeans began to gain more and more popularity.
However, in everyday life, this fabric deserved attention a little later, when films about cowboys appeared. The main characters were dressed in denim trousers and vests. To this day, jeans remain relevant.
Application
Previously, jeans were work clothes for miners, which required a high level of protection. When this fabric came out to the masses, designers simplified the weaving. Then the clothes became suitable for everyday use.
Denim fabric can be hard and soft, multi-colored and completely undyed. But in any case, it is practical and durable, which allows you to introduce it into various wardrobe items without fear of damage.
Thick fabric is used to make: trousers and shorts of different lengths, skirts, overalls, jackets, vests, women's handbags and men's backpacks, boots, shoes and sandals, Panama hats and caps.
Soft material is used to make: blouses, shirts, dresses and sundresses, children's clothes, swimsuits and underwear, home furnishings and textiles, small accessories (keychains, phone cases).
Denim is easy to work with. It is difficult to damage, and undyed fabric absorbs pigment well.
Denim can be used to make both individual decorations and the clothing items themselves. Products are often decorated with lace, embroidery, buckles, ribbons, and artificial abrasions.
You can experiment with color and create designer jeans yourself by dividing the product into zones and painting them in unusual shades.
It is worth paying tribute to the designers who modified jeans to suit every taste: high-waisted, hip-fit, skinny, straight, flared to the floor, tight boyfriend jeans and tight leggings, with cuffs and pockets.
Fabric composition and its properties
Jeans are made from cotton. It may also contain synthetic threads. Often these are elastane and viscose. Such inclusions help make the fabric less rough and more elastic, which makes it comfortable to wear. Synthetic threads allow things to fit beautifully.
Cotton
What are the properties of cotton or cotton fabric? What are its areas of application?
more details
A characteristic feature of the fabric is a relief in the form of an oblique hem. The ratio of cotton and synthetic fibers, as well as the density of the weaving of the threads, determines how strongly the texture will be expressed.
How to choose a denim item
To make it easier to choose a denim item, you should have at least a minimal understanding of the types of fabric. To do this, just read the composition, where in addition to cotton you can see:
- linen;
- viscose;
- polyester;
- silk;
- elastane.
Depending on the percentage of a particular element, a thing can be harder/softer, with/without shine, stronger/more elastic, smooth/embossed, etc. Based on this, the cost of the product also changes.
For some, color plays a special role. There will be no difficulties with this on the modern market, because in addition to the classic blue material, there are any colors obtained through the use of dyes during the production process of the product. Also periodically, things with drawings, prints and antique effects (boiling, scuffs, etc.) are in fashion.
Finally, be sure to visit the Denim section on our website!
We are sure that you will find the perfect material there to implement any denim idea! Watch Jeans
Types of fabric
Types of material:
Stretch (may be called denim jersey)
The fabric density is average, but at the same time it has increased elasticity. It stretches well and fits the figure beautifully. Mainly used for sewing tight pants. Elasticity is provided by lycra in the fabric composition. Instead of lycra, Chinese nettle, called ramie, can be used.
Chambray
Thin, soft and lightweight cotton material. But outwardly it looks like jeans. Chambray is used for sewing skirts, summer dresses, and shirts.
Ecru
It has a low density, about the same as chambray. It is made from undyed cotton, so it has a white color with a yellowish or dirty tint. Used for eco-style clothing models.
Denim
One of the popular and expensive types of jeans. It is durable with low elasticity and has a characteristic relief in the form of an oblique strip.
Broken twill
In this case, the weaving looks like a herringbone. Used for sewing jackets and trousers.
Gin
A cheaper option, has a diagonal weave. It is used for sewing inexpensive clothes.
Jeans-silk
Thin fabric with a smooth texture and shiny surface.
Cotton-denim
A thin material made from natural cotton is used in the production of shirts and summer clothing. Its texture is similar to cotton.
Jeans bengaleen
Durable, stretchy and soft fabric.
Hemp jeans
Produced on the basis of hemp fibers. This is a strong, rough material of high strength. Shoes, bags, and outerwear are made from it.
Furniture type
It contains a lot of lycra and elastane, so the fabric is very elastic and soft. Furniture is upholstered with it.
Description
Denim material - what is it? This is a dense twill weave fabric with a characteristic color.
The sewing technique involves perpendicularly directed threads: a dyed warp and an undyed weft.
Traditionally, blue indigo pigment is used as a dye.
To obtain black color, sulfur-based dyes are added.
The word itself comes from the French serge de Nîmes, which means “fabric from Nîmes”. Nimes is a city in the south of France, where they first began to produce cotton fabric, from which they later began to sew jeans.
Material for production
Denim was originally made from cotton.
Modern denim is different in that some manufacturers have begun to add synthetic fiber to it.
The quality of the product and its price are determined by the type of cotton.
The cheapest denim with low quality is considered to be African products; the middle class includes India and Asian countries.
The best in the line is cotton grown in America.
To ensure that the product retains its appearance for a long time, the fabric for the blank is repeatedly placed in dye baths and then dried. This procedure is repeated at least 10 times. The web is then passed through hot rubber rollers. This ensures density and prevents the thread from shrinking when washing.
Density
Denim is a coarse fabric due to its twill weave technique. The main thread with a dense weft creates a powerful frame that is difficult to damage.
Pros and cons of fabric
The main advantages of denim material:
- High wear resistance. It is very difficult to tear due to the weaving of the threads too often. The highest quality products can last more than 10 years.
- Thermal protection.
- Hygroscopicity.
- It is not electrified, so the material does not attract dust.
- Good breathability.
- Almost does not wrinkle.
- Large selection in price and model segments.
The disadvantages include the following:
- Gives strong shrinkage, especially after the first wash. Things that have added elastane shrink the most.
- It is better to wash denim clothes separately, as they may stain.
- If not properly cared for, things become dull, stretch, that is, they lose their quality.
Subtleties of care
Despite its durability, denim fabrics are demanding and require proper care. For example, you should not take them to the dry cleaner - the item may shrink a lot after interacting with chemical cleaning agents. The basic rules are:
- denim items are washed separately from other fabrics;
- products are turned inside out and all accessories are covered (zippers, buttons, buttons);
- It is better to avoid bleach; stains and stains may remain;
- It is not recommended to wring out denim fabrics too much; it is best to let the water drain on its own;
- due to its rigidity, denim retains its shape well and items almost do not need to be ironed - they straighten out on the body;
- If such a need arises, iron the products slightly damp - they will become softer.
Compliance with simple requirements will allow you to preserve your denim items for as long as possible. A pair of navy cotton twill trousers is already considered a classic. In combination with shirts and blouses, jeans look presentable and highlight the lines of the figure.
Denim fabrics go well with other materials, accessories, and decor. They create both everyday and elegant, festive items. The long history of denim and its varieties allows us to draw the following conclusion: denim fabrics are comfort and durability, proven over centuries.
Making denim, video:
What standards are used in production? What do they take into account?
GOST 21790-2005 “Cotton and mixed clothing fabrics” states that after washing, denim material can shrink by no more than 5%. It is also stated that its surfaces can withstand at least 2000 abrasion cycles.
Physical and hygienic indicators in the Russian Federation are regulated by SanPiN 2.4.7/1.1.1286-03 “Hygienic requirements for clothing for children, adolescents, and adults.” It states that air permeability should be at least 0.1 liters per 1 square meter. m. of canvas.
Production
The process of making left jeans is very labor intensive. It differs from the usual one in that the threads are woven to the left and up. The material got its name thanks to this weaving method.
The denim material contains cotton. Dyed threads are the basis of matter. The weft contains undyed fibers. Because of this, the inner and outer surfaces of the fabric differ in color.
If uneven cotton fabric is used in production, the result is fabric with an unusual pattern of interlacing vertical and horizontal stripes. To obtain a flowered material, dyeing is used.
The history of jeans production begins with blue items. Classic denim products have an indigo color. And modern production is not limited only to blue fabric - now you can buy jeans of any color.
Customer Reviews
Denim is loved by a large number of people, regardless of gender and age. It attracts consumers with practicality and convenience, a wide range of products, and ease of care.
Negative reviews are associated with the use of low-quality budget jeans: they tend to deform, actively fade and stain other clothes.
Jeans has quickly gone from being an unremarkable workwear fabric to one of the most sought-after versatile fabrics. The scope of use of the material is expanding every year. New varieties of fabric and new design solutions continue to conquer the market and surprise customers.
Jeans classification
Today there are several markings for jeans, here are the most common:
- slim fit (these models have a tapered cut, these are completely tight-fitting jeans, while the waist is slightly high)
- regular fit (classic jeans with five pockets - this is a standard fit, straight from the knee, but can be slightly tapered at the bottom)
- relaxed fit (jeans have a loose fit)
- loose fit (wide-cut models, absolutely free from top to bottom, very convenient and comfortable)
- skinny (popular and sought-after models, the distinctive feature of which is a narrow cut, these are tight-fitting jeans that perfectly emphasize the figure)
- easy fit (jeans that fit the hips, tapered at the ankle, these models are characterized by a nipped waist)
- straight fit (straight cut models, these products have an equal width along the entire length; in stores you can find both narrow models and straight or loose ones)
- low waist (low-waisted products)
- demi – denims (a model with an interesting cut, this is an amazing combination of culottes and skinny jeans. The first products were manufactured and presented to the general public in the spring of 2021 by fashion designer Ksenia Schneider)
- boot cut (long jeans that fit tightly around the hips, the legs widen towards the ankle, while the waist is narrowed. The legs have an extension below the knee, covering the boots by approximately two fingers)
- baggy (baggy style is especially popular among rappers - it is very wide in cut, especially at the waist. Comfortable and very loose jeans)
- capris (these products differ in length to approximately mid-calf)
- riding breeches (jeans hug the lower leg and have a large distance on the hips)
- jeggings (the model has characteristic features, one of which is a luxurious appearance; it is something between jeans and leggings)
- basic (classic cut models with five pockets, slightly tapered at the bottom, usually tucked into boots or over them)
Benefits of jeans
Jeans have many advantages: this clothing is characterized by maximum convenience and comfort. Today, clothing stores offer a wide assortment, jeans are decorated with various patterns, and there are amazing and exclusive styles that skillfully transform the appearance. In addition, jeans:
- have high hygroscopicity rates
- very wear-resistant (they easily withstand physical and mechanical stress and adequately resist snags)
- modern models are absolutely safe to wear (they do not cause allergic reactions even with prolonged wear)
- are as accessible as possible and have an affordable price (today almost anyone can afford jeans)
- long service life (with proper care, these products will last for many years, they do not wear out over time and do not change their presentable appearance)
- versatility (jeans can be used by both men and women)
- high quality
- practicality (jeans are easy to wash, even the heaviest stains can be removed by machine washing)
- Can be used at any time of the year and in any weather
- go well with almost any style of clothing (jeans look harmonious with both classic boots and sneakers. They go well with a shirt or T-shirt)
- a wide range allows you to choose almost any color for the product
- provide warmth in winter and comfort in summer
