Textile fabric and knitwear are different materials that are created differently and used for different purposes. The names themselves include: woven and knitted fabric. This simple definition is, of course, not enough. We'll tell you the differences between woven and knitwear and show you the products that most often use both materials. On the website punjabtextiles.com.ua/francuzskijtrikotazh you can choose French knitwear.
How is regular fabric different from knitwear?
Fabrics are formed from two systems of threads. There are many types of these. We won't list everything. The most famous ones at best are velvet, denim, flannel, silk, canvas, chiffon, etc.
Through knitting, they are formed from one or many threads by creating rows or columns that connect into loops. They seem to be on a hook - they have holes. There may also be different textures. They are elastic.
Woven and knitted fabrics are knitted. Although this theory may seem boring to some people when purchasing materials, you will benefit from this knowledge.
Knitwear - material features
To understand the main advantages of such a material as knitwear and products made from it, you need to consider its features. The structure of this fabric differs from the classic one in that it consists of loops. Both natural and synthetic fibers can be used as a base, so everyone can choose a product that is truly pleasant to the body.
Advantages
Due to the structure, knitwear stretches freely in any direction - things made from it fit according to the figure. Thanks to this property, clothes hardly wrinkle and retain their shape for a long time. In addition to the main qualities, the advantages of knitwear include:
- breathability;
- versatility;
- softness;
- antistatic.
On a note!
The price of knitwear can also be considered an advantage; many manufacturers even hold sales of items in large quantities, as an example - https://rash.su/rasprodaja.
Flaws
Knitted clothing usually has a simple appearance - the fabric often looks like an almost continuous fabric due to its elasticity. Many potential designs will not look good when stretched. Such clothes fit better only on a good figure. Cheap products quite often cause allergies, since the manufacturer in this case begins to use synthetic thread.
Home linen
Above we talked about what it is – textile fabric. A lot of others emerge from this definition - the concept of household items is extremely broad. The list includes any woven items in your home - furniture upholstery, favorite curtains, bedroom sets and much more.
What is included in the concept of household items? A huge amount of products! It is worth dividing them into groups:
- For kitchen;
- For bathroom;
- For the bedroom;
- Decorative elements;
- Homewear.
Home textiles are a very broad concept. Let's briefly go over the main types of products and give examples of compositions. This is interesting: membrane fabric and its types - all the features are at the link.
Kitchen:
- Napkins;
- Potholders;
- Towels;
- Tablecloths;
- Aprons.
The most commonly used fabrics are linen, jacquard and cotton.
Bath:
- Towels;
- Robes and caps;
- Rugs;
- Bathing sheets;
- Hats.
Waffle and terry fabrics are used in production. We'll tell you about paper fabric in another review; you'll learn its properties and uses.
Sleeping:
- Cushion covers;
- Bed linen (sheets, pillowcases, duvet covers);
- Blankets and bedspreads.
Made from calico, silk, linen and satin.
Decorative:
- Curtains;
- Napkins;
- Blankets;
- Lambrequins.
A huge variety of elements and materials awaits you here!
Homewear:
- Robes;
- T-shirts and sweaters, T-shirts;
- Pajamas;
- Pants and shorts;
- Dresses.
Why microsatin material is needed and where it is used, read in another review.
As you can see, this is a very functional canvas - it is used in every room and benefits all household members. It is impossible to highlight all the positive aspects of the textile material - it is high-quality, bright and pleasant to the touch, practical and stylish.
What textiles for home and everyday wear are is now clear - let's move on to the next section of the review, let's talk about sneakers and shoes.
Useful: Devore fabric - what is it (composition and properties here).
Caring for knitwear
The stretchability and elasticity of knitwear is its advantage, but if not properly cared for it can also become a disadvantage. What do you need to know to ensure that your favorite knitted items please your eyes and body for as long as possible?
- Since elastic fabric can easily deform at high temperatures, it is recommended to wash clothes made from it at a temperature not exceeding 30 °C by hand or in a gentle wash mode. For washing, it is recommended to use special products rather than powder.
- Dry knitted items horizontally on a flat surface covered with moisture-absorbing fabric.
- Store clothes folded to prevent them from stretching out on the hanger.
Various uses
Both materials are used for different things. The most common uses of textile fabric are bed linen, clothing, underwear, coats, dresses, tablecloths. Knitted fabrics are mainly tights, socks, stockings, as well as sweaters, hats and scarves.
A huge advantage of knitted fabrics compared to regular fabric is the fact that this material allows us to create different textures and patterns. Textiles, however, achieve a great advantage in terms of versatility. It can be made from various materials such as silk, linen, cotton, wool and jute.
Cooking surface
Composition: 100% cotton. Type of finishing: plain painted, printed. Products: nursery products: rompers, blouses, vests, caps, bodysuits, overalls, booties, etc.; underwear: panties, T-shirts, sweatshirts, pajamas, etc.; outerwear: dresses, shorts, etc.
Density: varies, but the most common is 130-140 g/m2. Properties: static, holds its shape well, does not shrink, does not stretch after washing, is easy to care for, has a front and back side. Application: almost all types of application fit perfectly on this fabric: silk-screen printing, thermal printing, embroidery looks good.
Wedding stitch Wedding stitch (front side) (wrong side)
A type of kulir stitch is stretch kulir (fulikra). The composition of this fabric includes: 95% cotton and 5% lycra Type of finishing: plain-dyed, printed Products: T-shirts, tank tops, briefs, embroidered shirts, turtlenecks, etc. Density: also comes in different densities from 160 to 260 g/m2, but the most common density 170-200g/m2. Properties: Lycra jersey is one of the most durable and wear-resistant fabrics. Doesn't stretch out, doesn't sit down. But also quite expensive as a song. Due to the presence of lycra, the products always keep their shape. Application: All basic application types work well with this fabric; silk screen printing, thermal printing, embroidery looks good
Interlock
Composition: mainly 100% cotton
Type of finishing: plain painted, printed
Products: mainly used for sewing outerwear: dresses, shorts, trousers, as well as for the nursery range: overalls, rompers, blouses, various sets, baptismal sets, etc. due to its presentable appearance and fairly high density, and also because of its cost-effectiveness.
Density: There are different densities from 160-260 g/m2, but the most common fabric density for T-shirts is 170-200 g/m2.
Properties: double elastic knitted cotton fabric based on complex fibers with a ribbed structure. Interlock fabrics have high abrasion resistance and high tensile strength.
Application: all types of silk-screen printing, thermal printing, embroidery are suitable.
Interlock (front and back look the same)
Footer
Lined knitted fabric can be 100% cotton, or 80% cotton, 20% polyester. The fabric is brushed on the reverse side, which makes it warm, very soft and pleasant to the touch. The warm properties of the footer are provided by the fleece on the inside, so it is ideal for cool weather. At the same time, the footer perfectly allows air to pass through and allows the skin to breathe. This material is resistant to pilling and stretching, lasts a long time and does not change shape over time.
2-thread with fleece in the form of loops, and 3-thread - there are two types: the first with fleece in the form of a flannel, but thicker than in two-thread, and the second with thick fleece.
Composition : mostly 100% cotton, but sometimes 80% cotton, 20% polyester, 2-thread density - 170...290 g/m2, 3-thread - 320 g/m2.
Type of finishing: plain painted, printed, melange
Products: Double thread is used for sewing children's and adult pajamas and nightgowns, as well as for rompers, blouses, and hats for the little ones.
Three-thread - tracksuits for children and adults, sweatshirts, blouses.
Density: there are different densities from 160-260g/m?, but the most common fabric density for T-shirts is 170-200g/m?.
Its production is based on a special interweaving of threads in the fabric (knitting lining threads into the fabric); on the reverse side, lining threads are attached to the base of the fabric using loop broaches, resulting in a unique reverse texture. Modern technologies for the production of this type of fabric make it possible to create incredibly soft back surfaces (in the form of a fleece), and the front side looks like a cooler.
Application: almost all types of application on T-shirts are suitable: silk-screen printing, thermal printing, embroidery.
STRETCH FOOTER
STRETCH FOOTER is a type of footer that contains 95% cotton and 5% lycra, which makes the fabric elastic and the ability to produce products with minimal freedom of fit and has the same properties as footer, only there is no fleece on the wrong side.
VELSOFT (TORNED MAHRA, GRASS)
Composition: 100% polyester Type of finishing: plain dyed, printed Properties: light and durable knitted fabric with long pile, 250-310 g/m2. This knitted material is very durable, it does not lose its properties over time, does not stretch, does not fade, the surface of this knitted fabric, despite its fluffiness, is not prone to the formation of pills. Very cozy and warm. Safe. Does not irritate the skin. And very practical in winter.
Velsoft is used for the production of dressing gowns, pajamas, booties, blankets, hats, vests, overalls, suits for children and nurseries. Very nice and soft fabric. MAKHRA (RING) COLD (loop fabric) – cotton fabric, the surface of which on one side is covered with pile from loops of the main threads.
This is a very soft jersey that easily absorbs moisture in large quantities. Terry is a natural material, hypoallergenic and breathable.
Mainly used in the manufacture of towels, sheets, bathrobes, etc.
VELOURS
Velor is a knitted fabric made of 100% cotton or with the addition of polyester, density 220..420 g/m2.
Natural material , pleasant to the touch. The surface consists of many villi. Their length, depending on the type of velor, can be different, ranging from three to seven millimeters. Velor is a very durable, wear-resistant and warm material; clothes made from it will come in handy in autumn and winter. Items made of velor do not wrinkle or form wrinkles.
Velor is used for sewing women's and men's dressing gowns and tracksuits, children's clothing, sets for newborns, and children's suits.
Velor is a special fabric made of 100% cotton with a soft pile surface. I use the lint for finishing outerwear, hats, gloves, and also for finishing the surface of shoes. It is the use of velor that gives clothes an expensive and beautiful look. A type of velor is drape: the most expensive velor fabric, for the production of which only the best varieties of wool are selected.
Velor is a natural dense fabric with soft, thick velvety pile (from 3 to 7 mm) on one surface and absolutely smooth on the other. High quality characteristics have allowed velor to successfully compete in the fabric market as the most attractive material for tailoring and more, meeting modern requirements for fabrics.
Velor can be: cotton, wool, knitted, moire, drape velor and other types. The production method involves a special interweaving of five threads, four of which form two warps (top and bottom), and the fifth thread directly forms the pile.
KASHKORSE (RIMBER)
This material is used in the production of outerwear. For example, this could be sportswear, turtlenecks, knee socks, leg warmers, hats, scarves, as well as cuffs for sleeves and collars. Therefore, a cash-corse is indispensable if you need figure-fitting, comfortable clothing.
Firstly, it is very warm, soft and elastic. With a perfect fit to the figure, the cashmere does not stretch and does not lose its shape after washing and during wear. Moreover, it can be washed and wrung out very well in the machine, although the water should not be hotter than 40 degrees.
Due to the fact that the basis of this fabric is cotton, this fabric is very light, soft, pleasant to the body, absorbs moisture well and allows air to pass through.
For winter time, a variety of fabric with a fleece on the inside is very good - it allows you to keep warm. This fabric is especially suitable for sewing children's clothing: jumpers, turtlenecks, blouses, hats. Including for newborns: bodysuits, hats, rompers.
Due to its high quality, cashkorse does not cause irritation, which is very important for allergy sufferers and delicate children's skin. Many competent organizations have confirmed the level of this material in their standards, so cashkorse is used all over the world without restrictions.
The fabric discussed here comes in different densities, as a result of which it can be used in any season and in any weather.
It is based on cotton and its content reaches 100%. However, to give the material elasticity and density, lycra (elastin) is added to cotton, but not more than 5%
FLEECE
Fleece is a synthetic knitted fabric made from polyester. The most basic use of fleece is for making warm clothes. Fleece can be called synthetic “wool”. Fleece was invented in 1979.
Fleece is a very soft, elastic and warm fabric. Most often, sweaters and jackets (usually sports or tourist) are made from fleece; fleece is also used to produce hats and blankets.
Basic properties of fleece:
good breathability, elasticity, fleece is a lightweight material, continues to retain its thermal insulating properties even when wet, when wet, fleece dries quickly, this fabric does not require special care (machine washable), mechanical strength and wear resistance are at an average level, thermal insulation properties are average , is not subject to biological destruction, this fabric does not lead to allergic reactions.
RIBANA
Ribbon fabric, otherwise called eraser, is not inferior either in quality characteristics or in popularity to other representatives of the famous knitted family. Ribana is not subject to shrinkage, the fabric is elastic, but at the same time resilient, has an identical surface on both sides, and does not lose its original shape over a long period of time due to the high density of the fabric.
Special manufacturing technologies for knitted fabric - fine stripes (knit and purl loops with alternating braids in different sequences) and the presence of rubber threads give it special stability, which is very important in the process of washing products made from this knitwear. The composition (100% cotton) allows the ribana to absorb moisture well and allow air to pass through, thus eliminating the possibility of overheating the body.
RIBANA
Ribana is a natural, durable, practical, pleasant to the touch, easy to care for, hygroscopic material - qualities of knitwear necessary for sewing a wide range of children's clothing. Bonnets and caps, T-shirts and T-shirts, turtlenecks and dresses, shorts and pajamas will decorate a child’s wardrobe, moreover, without fear of skin irritation on the baby’s body. In clothing for adults, ribbed fabric is used for processing cuffs and necklines, finishing armholes and collars, as well as for sewing outerwear.
Ribana does not require special care; things hold up well to the normal cycle (30%) in the washing machine, and when ironing you can use any temperature setting of the iron. It should be remembered that, like any other knitwear, ribana should not be wrung out or twisted too much after washing, but rather dried in the usual way, while avoiding direct sunlight.
How to distinguish knitwear from fabric?
It is believed that the famous English socialite Lily Langrey was the first to wear a jersey suit. At that time, such clothing was a bold experiment and did not receive universal recognition, but the knitted fabric was called jersey after the island of Jersey, the birthplace of Lily Langry
The world owes the widespread use of knitwear to the brilliant Gabrielle Chanel. It was she who, in 1916, took the risk of buying a batch of knitted fabric from its creator Rodier. The knitwear was intended for sportswear, but it was too dense, the beige color was considered unsightly, calling it poor man's, and they refused to make sportswear from it.
Coco Chanel decided to create a loose-fitting coat from thick jersey linen, and then other items of stylish casual clothing for modern active women.
Watch the video or read the text version further
Modern knitted fabrics are incredibly numerous and so varied that it can be difficult to distinguish them from fabrics. Is it necessary? Of course you need it! No matter how much knitwear resembles fabric, it still requires a special approach when sewing.
Determining what fabrics or knitwear we have in front of us will be by experiment
Studying the structure of the material
If we see loops similar to those obtained when knitting or crocheting, then this is knitwear. But loops are not always visible. If very thin threads were used for knitting, and the knitting density is high, then it is difficult to see the loops. In this case, it is necessary to carefully examine the sections of the canvas
Trying to separate the thread at the cut
In fabric sections, the warp threads stick out like a “bristle”, and the weft threads lie across the “bristles” and they can be easily or not very easily, but still possible, moved along the warp threads (the only exception, perhaps, is highly tangled woolen drapes)
Knitted fabrics have a different cut; there are no long straight threads sticking out, there are only short trimmings of loops. And there are no threads that lie along the cut and can be moved.
In some fabrics it will be possible to separate the transverse thread, but it is not at all similar to the thread that separates from fabrics. A thread made of knitted fabric looks like a spiral many times longer than the section from which it was extracted.
With most modern knitted fabrics, you won’t be able to separate the thread at the cut no matter how hard you try.
I hope that now you will never confuse knitwear with fabric and will be able to figure out even complex patterns. To consolidate the information received, I suggest performing the following exercise.
Take 5 samples of knitted fabrics and try to separate the transverse thread at the cut. Separates? If it separates, does it look like a spiral?
In the comments, share the results of your research, impressions and thoughts.
Next time we will talk to you about the most insidious property of knitted fabrics.
What types of knitwear exist, how they differ from each other, what their properties, advantages, disadvantages are, and how to take all this into account when sewing, is discussed in detail at the intensive “Knitwear: Choosing wisely. We sew with pleasure"
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Advantages of knitted products
- The convenience of wearing products made from this material is that it can stretch in all directions thanks to the loops that form its structure, so it can take any shape. Thanks to this property, clothes retain their shape well for a long time and wrinkle less.
- Thanks to its fine mesh-like structure, knitwear has excellent breathability, so it keeps you warm in cold weather and cool in hot weather.
- From this fabric, due to the many weaving options, you can create a wide variety of things: sweaters, dresses, blouses, both voluminous and thin, graceful.
- It is very important that the products do not restrict movement, the fabric stretches well, the items fit the body perfectly, they are comfortable to wear and layer under other clothes.
- The knitted material is very pleasant to the touch.
- Knitted products have earned people's love because, despite their high quality, they are sold at very affordable prices.
- Things do not accumulate static electricity.
- Knitted items are quite easy to care for: you just need to wash them; many items do not need ironing after washing.
Knitwear products will never go out of fashion, the range of models is diverse
Features of the cut
The main feature of knitwear is its high elasticity. How much the material will stretch depends on the composition of the fabric and the weaving method. To avoid mistakes when creating a pattern, it is necessary to calculate the elasticity coefficient. To do this, take a ruler, step back from the edge of the canvas approximately 7 cm and measure 10 cm. Mark the segment with needles or chalk. Then stretch the fabric as much as possible and measure the length of the segment. This way you will know how much you need to reduce the measurements when cutting.
When cutting, it is important to correctly orient the canvas so that the product stretches in width and not in length. Secure the pattern with needles so as not to stretch the material and carefully transfer all measurements. Make sure that the entire piece is on the table, since knitwear easily loses its shape when sagging.
Since the texture of the material is different from the fabric, leave a larger allowance for seams and trims: instead of 1 cm on each side, leave 2-3 cm.
You can cut the fabric either in one layer or in two if you are sewing, for example, a T-shirt or children's clothing that does not include darts. Cutting in two layers will help save time, but it is necessary to fold the fabric as symmetrically as possible so as not to disturb the pattern and position of the loops. If the material is too smooth, it will slip, so it is better to cut it in two layers.
To maintain symmetry, you can do the following. First, attach the paper pattern to the canvas, observing the direction of the threads, and cut the canvas. Then, without disconnecting the cut-out part from the paper sample, place it symmetrically on the canvas and align the pattern and repeat the operation.
Shelf for elegant clothes
OIL – dense artificial (viscose) or synthetic knitwear (polyester) with a high degree of elongation. Viscose with lycra is used as a stabilizer and to increase the shine of polyester - from 5 to 10%. The most beautiful draperies and coattails fit well from oil. The material can have a shiny or matte surface, be heavy or light, double-sided or brushed on the backside.
Peculiarities:
- does not stretch and keeps its shape well;
- there is no tendency to form pellets or unravel;
- does not require mandatory stitching of sections;
- the material is easy to care for;
- does not fade in the sun;
- however, it forms snags and does not absorb water well.
The oil is sold in a width of 150 cm with a density of 140 to 240 g/m2. Suitable for sewing both casual and festive clothes:
KNITTED SILK (COLD OIL) – has a fine structure with a glossy surface. Recommended for evening suits and dresses.
CRYSTAL is a thin shiny material with a large amount of lycra - up to 35%. Provides perfect fit to the figure. Suitable for spectacular outfits, including stage wear.
WINTER OIL – has a high surface density, which puts it in the coat group (demi-season and winter products).
MICRO OIL - the thinnest in this group, flowing fabric resembles silk. This is a great choice for a summer evening.
BRUSHED – moderately glossy front side and back, covered with light synthetic bristles. The main purpose is cozy clothes for home, leggings or tracksuits.
OIL-FOAM – matte elastic fabric suitable for office suits, trousers, turtlenecks.
OTTO, OTTOMAN (ATAMAN, ALEX) – a universal knitted fabric of medium density, which is produced with various combinations of additives to cotton or polyester. The share of cotton threads in combination with polyamide is no more than 40%. The highest quality materials contain natural wool or high quality silk.
Peculiarities:
- the front side has a characteristic weave ribbed eraser;
- relatively moderate extensibility, loose structure;
- does not wrinkle;
- holds its shape well;
- The loose knitting of the jersey allows the material to quickly pick up dust.
In a wardrobe made from otto and its analogues you can see jumpers, summer trousers and skirts, elegant jackets or evening dresses.
KNITTED VELVET, VELOR, PLUSH - a series of elastic natural (cotton, wool, silk), mixed and artificial fabrics with pile on the front side. They are made from fibers of different lengths, which affects the quality of the material, softness and the proportion of synthetic additives.
Density for the dress group – from 200 to 260 g/m2.
Pile height:
- velvet – 2-3 mm, thick density of cut standing pile;
- velor – up to 6 mm, medium density cut standing pile;
- plush - from 3-8 to 16 mm, average density of cut and uncut pile, which is laid in different directions.
Depending on the type and composition, the material is used for sewing children's clothing (the bottom layer is always made of cotton), home sets, outfits for celebrations, and also as finishing.
Peculiarities:
- knitwear has great stretchability in different directions;
- when cutting, parts made from thin sheets can shrink, edges curl, and crumble;
- thin fabric can stretch under its own weight;
- the pile quickly collects dust;
- The products do not wrinkle, but require careful care.
