Rep is a type of decorative fabric, the distinctive feature of which is a three-dimensional pattern in the form of stripes, or “ribbed”. It is the appearance that gives the material reps its name; it is derived from the German word “rippe” (rib). Initially, grosgrain fabric was made from twisted silk threads, which was reflected in the cost. The heyday of popularity came in the 17th century, when dresses, hats and upholstered furniture were made from this material. Today reps are made from cheaper fibers, often containing synthetics. It is valued for its interesting appearance, unique plain weave and texture.
What kind of fabric
Rep fabric is a dense, ribbed material made primarily from natural raw materials. What does the word rep mean? It comes from the German rippe, which means tripe.
The material was especially popular in the 18th century. They used it to cover walls in residential buildings and reupholster furniture. Women's dresses and men's suits were made from thinner fabrics.
The rep or rib in the fabric is obtained through a special weave. Its peculiarity is that the threads of one system completely overlap the fibers of the other.
In the catalogs you can find a description of rep fabric: dense, rigid material with a small horizontal or vertical rib. Despite the rigidity, the material is pleasant to the touch and comfortable to wear.
Quartz
The fibers are obtained from drawn quartz of natural origin by heating to high temperatures. This process is labor-intensive, but the result is impressive with its highly expressed fire-retardant properties. The non-flammable material produced by this method contains up to 99% silicon oxide, is very similar to fiberglass, and can withstand heating up to 1400 ℃ without changing its structure and properties.
Quartz non-flammable material is used in the chemical and energy industries for technical purposes and for making protective clothing. For a short time, the material can withstand heating up to 2000 ℃.
Modernized quartz fabrics, which have greater heat resistance, were used at the end of the last century to cover the spacesuits of American astronauts, as the best option for fire-fighting materials existing at that time.
The main advantage of the products is absolute safety for humans, which distinguishes them from some other types of non-flammable textile products.
Compound
In the 18th century, rep fabric consisted only of silk fibers. The material was very expensive. By the 19th century, it began to be made from cotton and wool, which made the fabric more affordable.
Modern reps are still made from cotton, wool, silk, both 100% and with the addition of synthetic threads. The mixed material is more wear-resistant.
On sale there are fabrics with a composition of cotton, silk and polyester. The percentage of synthetic threads in them is no more than 30%.
The pattern (thin rib) on the surface of the fabric creates a rep weave. There are two types of it - weft and main.
With weft weaving, a transverse scar is formed on the surface of the rep. This occurs due to the weft threads overlapping the warp threads. Only the weft yarn is visible on both the front and back sides. The more threads are overlapped, the wider the hem. The minimum number of “covered” fibers is two.
The threads that form the surface of the material are thinner, more elastic, and located close to each other. Fibers that overlap thicker ones are sparsely located.
Reps
French - dense cotton or silk fabric of plain weave, on the front side of which there are narrow parallel-convex scars, running in most cases across the fabric. Thin reps are used for shirts, thick reps for decorative purposes.
(Encyclopedia of fashion. Andreeva R., 1997)
* * *
(French reps) - thick cotton, silk or wool fabric with a small rib. Used to make clothing and shoes.
(Terminological dictionary of clothing. Orlenko L.V., 1996)
Meanings in other dictionaries
- reps - reps m. 1. Dense plain weave fabric with a small rib. 2. decomposition Products made from such fabric. Explanatory Dictionary by Efremova
- reps - Reps, reps, reps, reps, reps, reps, reps, reps, reps, reps, reps, reps, reps Zaliznyak's Grammar Dictionary
- reps - Reps, pl. No m. . Fabric with transverse or longitudinal ribs (depending on whether the weft threads are much thicker than the warp threads, or vice versa). Large dictionary of foreign words
- reps - REPS -a (-y); m. Thick cotton or silk fabric with small rib. Rep shirt. The sofa is upholstered in green rep. ◁ Rep, -aya, -oe. P-th tape. R-th upholstery. R. sofa. Kuznetsov's Explanatory Dictionary
- reps - II “ribbed silk fabric”, already in Ort. Morsk. 1720 (Smirnov 262). Via French reps – the same or together with the last one from English. rep, reps, from where also German. Rips; see Dose 625; Goryaev, ES 451; Kluge-Götze 483. II II “root crop of Brassica oleifera”. Etymological Dictionary of Max Vasmer
- reps - spelling reps, -a Lopatin's Spelling Dictionary
- reps - -a, m. Thick fabric with small rib. was like a thousand similar rooms: with a sofa upholstered in blue rep. Kaverin, Two captains. Small academic dictionary
- REPS - REPS (English reps) is a cotton or silk fabric in which the front side and back are covered with scars formed due to the significantly smaller thickness and higher density of the threads in the warp than in the weft. Used for sewing clothes and shoes, and also as a decorative material. Large encyclopedic dictionary
- reps - And (red.) rips, reps, pl. no, husband (French and English reps). Fabric with transverse or longitudinal ribs (depending on whether the weft threads are much thicker than the warp threads, or vice versa). Furniture upholstered in rep. Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
- reps - REPS m. silk or wool, ribbed fabric, like bourbon, uncut velvet. Rep dress. || See rapeseed. Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary
- reps - REPS, a (y), m. Thick cotton or silk fabric with small scars. | adj. rep, oh, oh. Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
- reps - Reps/. Morphemic-spelling dictionary
- reps - REPS a, m. reps, English. reps. Thick plain weave fabric with fine rib. BAS-1. Reps Isabeau <for evening dresses>, which has satin flowers running along the matte field. Reps-Indiana for oversized dresses. Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian language
- reps - noun, number of synonyms: 1 fabric 474 Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language
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Types and their properties
Depending on the weave, rep fabric is divided into two types:
- weft (transverse rib);
- main (longitudinal scar).
They are similar in their characteristics, equally durable and elastic. But products with a transverse rib stretch the silhouette and visually reduce the volume.
The composition is:
- One of the varieties of satin rep . It is made from polyester, and cotton can also be added to the composition. The material is elastic, wear-resistant and is used to make curtains or curtains.
- There is also decorative fabric - rep with lurex . It is used to make ribbons that are used for finishing.
- Cotton rep is the most common type of fabric. It is pleasant to the body, allows air to pass through well, and removes excess moisture in hot weather.
- A relatively new variety of rep velor . It is woven from synthetic fibers. Both cotton and wool threads can be added to the composition. The material looks like velvet.
The material lends itself well to coloring and does not fade. Most often the rep is monochromatic; fabric with a pattern is rarely produced. Reps are dyed in different colors: red, blue, black, cream, black.
Main features of the material
Rep characteristics:
- The weaving has a high density - due to this, the fabric holds its shape well. The canvas has a rigid ribbed structure, visually “stretches” the silhouette and makes you slimmer.
- Rep is highly hygroscopic - this means that it absorbs moisture well, does not interfere with its evaporation, allows the body to breathe and is as comfortable as possible to wear.
- The fabric practically does not wrinkle and is not difficult to care for - it just needs to be washed and ironed carefully. Due to the high density, things are durable.
Do you want the fabric to not lose its original appearance for as long as possible? When caring for it, follow the manufacturer's recommendations.
Thus, silk-based reps require quite careful care, while cotton reps are more durable and strong.
Application area
Reps is a suiting fabric used to make both men's and women's suits. The material holds its shape well, so it is often used in sewing classic jackets or jackets.
A rep dress is suitable for the office, especially a sheath or A-line silhouette. Ribbed silk fabric is suitable for evening or cocktail dresses.
Women's clothing made from reps is not limited to dresses and formal suits; blouses and skirts are also made from this fabric. Thick woolen material is used for demi-season outerwear.
The material has also found application in sewing children's clothing. Loose-fitting trousers with many pockets for boys are made from reps. It is also used for sewing lightweight children's windbreakers.
Hats, caps, caps are sewn from cotton rep, and it is used to make elastic belts. Increasingly, dense and textured material is used to sew bags in grunge and boho styles. It is used in the shoe industry for finishing or making shoes (slip-ons, sneakers).
Rep ribbon is used to make accessories. It is used to decorate hats, bags, and brooches. Hair bows, headbands, and hairpins are made from grosgrain ribbon. Gradient rep tapes give freedom for creativity. They can be monochrome or color.
The fabric has also found its application in home textiles. Bedspreads, curtains, and roller blinds are made from reps. The material is suitable for room decoration. They use it to cover walls, make complex draperies and curtains.
The fabric is used by costume designers and theater decorators. With its help, it is possible to recreate the interiors of the 18th – 19th centuries. It is also suitable for sewing historical costumes. Reenactors use the material to recreate clothing from different eras.
Rep corduroy is most often used for furniture upholstery. Thanks to the polyester composition, it retains its attractiveness for a long time and does not wear out.
Carbon non-flammable sheets
All natural fabrics are made from organic raw materials, which means they contain carbon atoms, in addition to which there are large quantities of other atoms: oxygen and hydrogen.
The presence of the latter structural units significantly increases the flammability of any product. Almost two centuries ago, it was possible to synthesize non-flammable fibers consisting only of carbon atoms. The high heat resistance of the filaments made it possible to use them in incandescent lamps.
Subsequently, the technology was improved many times, leading to the development of an easy-to-implement production process that allows the use of a variety of organic raw materials as a carbon source.
Now carbon fibers are made from viscose and polyacrylonitrile, long and short, in the form of staple elements. Fire-resistant fabrics are produced by weaving using classical weaving methods; in addition, non-woven carbon heat-resistant products are presented on the market.
Non-flammable fabrics made from carbon filaments have great resistance to stretching, chemical influences, low weight and the ability to expand when the temperature rises. The maximum temperature they can withstand reaches 370℃.
Aramid
Aramid materials are a polymer product that has longitudinal and cross-linking of aromatic structures.
There are several options for connecting benzene rings, depending on which of them is implemented in a particular technology, the resulting fabric will have certain properties.
Reliable fire protection (resistance when heated to 370 ℃) is provided by para-aramid fabrics, the production of which can be carried out in various types of thread weave: waffle, satin, twill, plain.
Sometimes non-flammable aramid products are knitted and sold as rolled heat-resistant knitwear.
All types of products made from heat-resistant aramid are lightweight, high strength, and are used for sewing workwear and military uniforms; manufacturing of thermal insulation products.
What are cotton fabrics used for?
In principle, you can answer in one word - EVERYTHING, but you can say a little more:
- Casual dresses and men's shirts (satin, rep, poplin, taffeta, etc.) are made from demi-season fabrics. Wool, tartan, and garus are suitable for sewing elegant skirts, trousers, suits, tailcoats, etc.
- Fabrics for the summer season (voile, volta, cambric).
- In winter, things made from paper and flannel will definitely come in handy.
- Industrial fabrics with the addition of synthetics for the manufacture of work clothes.
- Decorative and lining materials, without which it is impossible to sew suits or coats, are also made from cotton fabric.
- Fabrics for sewing accessories (handkerchiefs, neck scarves, scarves, etc.).
Polyester
Fibers and threads synthesized from polyesters become resistant to high temperatures when phosphorus compounds are added to the raw material. The German brand labeled its products with the name Trevira.
In the production of heat-resistant materials from organophosphorus threads, different types of weaving are used, as a result of which fabrics with non-flammable properties are produced, such as rep, voile, moleskin, jacquard, satin, velvet.
Fire-retardant velvet fabrics are needed more for beauty, combined with safety; moreover, moleskin, for example, demonstrates not only increased heat resistance, but also significant dust-proof properties.
Polyester flame retardant fabrics have a varied, beautiful appearance; have the following advantages:
- practicality;
- wear resistance;
- ability to maintain shape well;
- inertness to the action of the sun;
- hygiene;
- security.
When exposed to a fire zone, the fabric shrinks in size without melting and chars without emitting toxic gaseous products.
The materials are highly breathable, durable, and are used in medical institutions, hotel complexes, and vehicles.
Polyester non-flammable textiles are easily washed without changing properties in ordinary warm water with temperatures up to 40 ℃. Washing can be done both in a machine and in the usual manual way. Dry cleaning in specialized establishments that have the skills to work with such material is completely acceptable.
After wet processing, the products must dry well under natural conditions; subsequent storage is allowed at standard room temperatures and air humidity.
Features of rep weaving
The name rep fabric comes from the word rippe, which translated from German means “ribbed”. A beautiful three-dimensional pattern is achieved using an unusual weave of fibers, when the warp or weft overlaps are lengthened and strengthened.
There are two types of material: main rep and weft. In the first case, the warp fibers overlap at least two weft threads, resulting in the creation of a longitudinal rib. The surface of the fabric is formed exclusively from warp threads. The weft lies inside the canvas and is not visible either from the front side or from the back.
In weft rep, on the contrary, the weft is superimposed on the lobe threads, forming a transverse rib. The width of the scar depends on the number of overlapped threads. In rep fabrics, the threads that form long overlaps must be thinner, more flexible and stronger in order to completely cover the thicker and sparsely spaced fibers of the opposite system.
Both fabrics are highly durable and have an interesting, unusual texture. The canvas is painted in one color, bleached or printed.
Asbestos
Asbestos materials are made from non-flammable natural silicates with thin fibers.
Asbestos tolerates heat up to 500 ℃, has great insulating properties, and is widely used in industry for the production of heat-resistant building materials.
The fire resistance of asbestos fabrics is great, but they must be used with great care. Using it as a nightmare to quickly extinguish fires is quite justified, but wearing clothes made of fabrics with asbestos is unacceptable for a person.
It has been proven that inhalation of asbestos microparticles initiates the appearance of formations, while the entry of fibers into the body through the food tract does not cause consequences. The risk of harmful effects can be reduced by introducing anti-dust additives that prevent particles from entering the environment. Additional processing increases the price of asbestos products, significantly increasing their safety.
Care
| Characteristics of care | Recommendation |
| Washable with other materials | Acceptable |
| Washing clothes of different colors | Co-wash possible |
| Washing temperature | Up to 30 °C |
| Washing time | 1-2 hours in the “Delicate”, “Wool” or “Silk” modes (depending on the composition of the material) |
| Requirements for cleaning products | It is not recommended to use bleaches and other aggressive agents; it is permissible to use fabric conditioner for white or colored laundry, respectively |
| Spin mode | It is advisable to squeeze manually or in delicate mode |
| Ironing mode | Iron at low temperature from inside out through gauze |
| Storage Features | No specific requirements for storage conditions |
| Dry cleaning | Acceptable |
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